I Should Pass This Class Because Essay

I Need to pass my Eng 096 writing in order for me to move on to the next level of my education. I am doing computer science as a major at a college, and in order for me to get into the program I need to pass english 101 and college level math, so I made an effort this summer and took a placement test,which I placed into english 096 writing class.This class is hard to learn,its also expensive, and it takes a lot of time and needs a lot of attention before you can pass it. First let me start by saying, this class is so hard for me, because i haven’t been in school for the past 10 years.And also I forgot about all the stuff I learned when I was in highschool, so this is like a fresh start for me. I Am doing my best to pass this class by Paying attention when the instructor is teaching because i remember in high school my teacher told me the only way you can pass class is based on three things. by paying attention, coming to class on time,and doing all homework on time. Secondly I didn’t know school could be so expensive until i started this class. The tuition alone is a lot of money plus the books and the time that you spend in class are all money that am losing because my class starts at 7:00 pm every Monday and my job was suppose to end at 10:00pm on Mondays, but I cut some of my working hours so I can make it to class on time. Lastly I spend at least two hours a day out my very busy shedule life to do some studies for this class. During this time I lock myself in a room by myself so I can concentrate because I don’t want to go to school without my homework being done or without being ready to take in the new stuff. With all the effort I put in this class, I think I should pass this class because if i don’t it will be a big loss for me, I wouldn’t be able to pursuit my goal of becoming a computer scientist, I would lose a lot of money, and lastly all the time I put in will just be a waste of time.

Prosocial Behaviour Essay

Prosocial behaviors are voluntary behaviors made with the intention of benefiting others (Eisenberg & Fabes, 1998). This definition carefully circumvents the potential benefits to the person performing the prosocial behavior. Prosocial behavior is often accompanied with psychological and social rewards for its performer. In the long run, individuals can benefit from living in a society where prosociality is common (which, in evolutionary terms, increases reproductive potential). It has therefore been difficult for researchers to identify purely altruistic behaviors, benefiting only the recipient and not the performer. Nevertheless, behaviors benefiting others, but whose main goal is self-advantageous (e.g. cooperative behaviors intended to obtain a common resource), typically are not considered prosocial. Typical examples include: volunteering; sharing toys, treats, or food with friends; instrumental help (e.g., helping a peer with school assignments); costly help (e.g. risking oneâ €™s own life to save others); and emotionally supporting others in distress (e.g., comforting a peer following a disappointing experience or caring for a person who is ill). DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES Prosocial behavior has roots in human evolutionary history as de Waal’s comparison with other species shows. Nevertheless, Fehr and Fischbacher note that humans are unique in their degree of prosociality. Hoffman’s theory proposes that prosocial behavior becomes increasingly other-oriented as children mature. Infants feel self-distress in reaction to the distress of others because they are incapable of differentiating their own experiences from those of others. Gradually, self-distress is replaced by other-oriented concern, requiring some understanding of others’ mental states (Hoffman, 2000). Zahn-Waxler, Robinson, and Emde show that by age 4, many children can react empathically to others, including offering help to those in distress. The 1998 Eisenberg and Fabes meta-analysis found that prosocial behavior increases with age, although increases varied in size, depending on the methodological aspects of each study. In one study by Benenson, Pascoe, and Radmore, about 60 percent of 4-year old children donated at least one of 10 stickers they received to a peer, and about 85 percent did so at age 9. This increase was markedly elevated for higher-SES children compared to lower-SES children. From childhood to adolescence further increases are found in sharing, but not in helping or providing emotional support (Eisenberg & Fabes, 1998). The boost in prosocial behavior with age is attributed to developmental increases in cognitive abilities associated with detecting others’ needs and determining ways to help, in empathy-related responding, and in the moral understanding of the importance of helping others (Eisenberg et al., 2006). CONTEXTUAL AND INDIVIDUAL INFLUENCES Many contextual factors are associated with prosocial behavior. For example, Cole and colleagues report short-term success for television programs designed to increase children’s prosociality. Social psychological experiments consistently show that recognizing a situation as requiring assistance, involving personal responsibility, and enabling oneself to help, all increase helping behavior (Penner, Dovidio, Piliavin, & Schroeder, 2005). Individuals are more likely to provide support in situations that promote personal psychological and material rewards, or where the costs (e.g., guilt) associated with not helping are prominent. Finally, individuals are more likely to behave prosocially towards similar or likable others (Penner et al., 2005), and towards others considered to be close, especially kin (Graziano et al., 2007). This pattern may reflect an ultimate evolutionary goal of kin selection as described by Hamilton, although de Waal notes that helpers’ psychological goals may be quite different. Genetic relatedness aside, prosocial behavior towards family members probably involves a sense of duty, reciprocity, and affective relationships. Rushton describes moderate consistency in individuals’ prosocial behavior across varying situations and contexts, demonstrating both stable individual differences in prosociality and the importance of contextual factors. Research following children from early childhood to adulthood supports the existence of the long-debated altruistic or prosocial personality (Eisenberg et al., 1999). Individual differences in prosociality are linked to sociability, low shyness, extroversion, and agreeableness, although specific prosocial behaviors may require a combination of additional traits, such as perceived self-efficacy in the case of helping (Penner et al., 2005). Researchers Bardi and Schwartz highlight the importance of individuals’ specific prosocial values, including emphasizing the importance of the welfare of others, as an additional variable likely to influence prosocial behavior. Personality and contextual variables are likely to interact in determining prosocial behavio r. For example, agreeable individuals were more likely to help an outgroup member than low-agreeableness individuals, but agreeableness was not associated with helping an ingroup member (Graziano et al., 2007). Environmental factors linked to individual differences in children’s prosociality include parental modeling of helping behavior and use of inductive discipline (e.g., explaining to children the consequences of their behavior) as opposed to power-assertive discipline (e.g., punishment) (Eisenberg & Fabes, 1998). Beyond parental influence, siblings, peers, and schools also may affect prosociality. For example, as Wentzel, McNamara, and Caldwell point out, children’s prosociality may be influenced by close friends. Furthermore, the better the affective quality of the friendship, the more influential friends are to each other’s prosociality. Genetics also contribute to individual variation in prosociality. Research on adults finds that prosociality is substan tially heritable. Research on young children shows lower heritability, demonstrated by one longitudinal twin study showing increases in the heritability of parent-rated prosociality, from 30 percent at age 2 to 60 percent at age 7 (Knafo & Plomin, 2006). Genetic and environmental effects are often intertwined. For example, parental reasoning may be more effective with highly attentive children, while external rewards may work better for other children. These geneenvironment interactions, in which children’s genetically influenced tendencies interact with environmental influences in determining behavior, are highly likely. Further investigation is necessary of gene-environment interactions with regard to prosociality. Gene-environment correlations can also shape individual differences in prosociality. For example, children’s low prosociality is related to parents’ use of negative discipline and affection. This relationship can be traced back to children’s genetic tendencies, implying that the genetically influenced low prosociality can initiate a negative reaction from parents (Knafo & Plomin, 2006). Gender and culture are additional predictors of prosocial behavior. A meta-analysis found small differences favoring girls in prosocial behavior, smaller than expected based on gender stereotypes and lower for instrumental help than for other prosocial behaviors (Eisenberg & Fabes, 1998). Some evidence suggests that children in Western societies are less prosocial than children in other cultures, but some studies find no differences along these lines (see review by Eisenberg et al., 2006). A field study by Levine, Norenzayan, and Philbrick found large cultural differences in spont aneously helping strangers. For example, the proportion of individuals helping a stranger with a hurt leg pick up dropped magazines ranged from 22 percent to 95 percent across 23 cultures. Although national wealth was negatively associated with helping rates, the closely related cultural value of individualism-collectivism (individualism is on average higher in richer countries) was not related. A compelling cultural explanation for cross-national differences in prosocial behavior was still needed as of 2008. Perhaps, cultures differ substantially in what each promotes as prosocial behavior (Eisenberg et al., 2006). RELATION TO OTHER ASPECTS OF SCHOOL FUNCTIONING Clark and Ladd find that prosocial children are relatively well adjusted and have better peer relationships than less prosocial children. Highly prosocial children have more friends and report a better quality of friendship, relative to less prosocial children. Caprara and colleagues find positive relationships between children’s early prosocial behavior and later academic achievement, and positive peer relations (statistically controlling for earlier achievement). The exact nature of these relationships has yet to be determined. Possibly, prosocial children’s superior social skills enable them to work better with peers and to get along better with teachers. Alternatively, earlier prosociality represents self-regulation abilities needed for later achievement. Similarly, a finding by Johnson and colleagues that volunteering adolescents have higher grade point averages and intrinsic motivation toward schoolwork may indicate that volunteering increases academic self-esteem. Furthermore, adolescents who volunteer may receive preferential treatment from teachers, increasing their achievement. HOW TEACHERS AND SCHOOLS CAN PROMOTE PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR Although observational studies suggest that preschool teachers usually do little to encourage prosocial behavior, teachers’ behavior and school policies can promote pro-sociality. Positive, warm, and secure teacher-student relationships are associated with children’s prosociality (Eisenberg et al., 2006). To overrule the possibility that highly adjusted children are both prosocial and elicit positive reactions from teachers, intervention studies are essential. A five-year longitudinal study by Solomon and colleagues finds that training teachers to promote children’s prosociality and developmental discipline increases children’s prosocial values and behaviors. The program provided children with an opportunity to work collaboratively in small groups and participate in activities designed to promote social understanding. It emphasized prosocial values through the use of relevant media and highlighting children’s positive behaviors and provided opportun ities for active helping such as a buddy program that assigned older children to help younger peers. In another school intervention reported by Fraser and colleagues, children received training designed to teach social problem-solving skills and to reduce peer rejection. Simultaneously, parents participated in home lessons designed to improve parenting skills (e.g., child development, parent-child communication, problem-solving, and discipline). Intervention children increased in prosocial behavior in comparison to the control group. Another experimental school program reported by Flan-nery and colleagues shows longitudinal gains in children’s prosocial behavior by altering school climate by teaching students and staff five simple rules and activities: (a) praise people, (b) avoid put-downs, (c) seek wise people as advisers and friends, (d) notice and correct hurts one causes, and (e) right wrongs. McMahon and Washburn point out that effective interventions often work to addr ess students’ empathy and problem-solving skills and are often tailored to the cultural, developmental, and behavioral characteristics of students. Research by Kazdin, Bass, Siegel, and Thomas reveals the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in increasing prosociality in children with severe antisocial behavior. Another violence prevention program reported by DeCarlo and Hockman improves male urban African American students’ prosocial skills through analysis of relevant RAP music lyrics. Furthermore, Lakes and Hoyt show the effectiveness of tae-kwon-do training at primary school to improve self-regulation and prosocial behavior among boys and, to a lesser extent, girls. Attention/play interventions by school psychologists with highly aggressive boys (modeling, role-playing, coaching, feedback, and discussion of play strategies), by Dubow and colleagues longitudinally decrease aggression and increase prosocial behavior. These studies demonstrate the usefulness of non-preaching approaches to prosocial development. See also:Moral Development, Social Skills BIBLIOGRAPHY Bardi, A., & Schwartz, S.H. (2000). Values and behavior: Strength and structure of relations. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(10),1207–1220. Benenson, J. F., Pascoe, J., & Radmore, N. (2007). Children’s altruistic behavior in the dictator game. Evolution and Human Behavior, 28, 168–175. Caprara, G. V., Barbaranelli, C., Pastorelli, C., Bandura, A., & Zimbardo, P. G. (2000). Prosocial foundations of children’s academic achievement. Psychological Science, 11(4), 302–306. Clark, K. E., & Ladd, G. W. (2000). Connectedness and autonomy support in parent-child relationships: Links to children’s socioemotional orientation and peer relationships. Developmental Psychology, 36, 485–498. Cole, C. F., Arafat, C., Tidhar, C., Tafesh, W. Z., Fox, N. A., et al. (2003). The educational impact of Rechov Sumsum/Shara’a Simsim: A Sesame Street television series to promote respect and understanding among children living in Israel, th e West Bank and Gaza. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 27, 409–422. DeCarlo, A., & Hockman, E. (2003). RAP therapy: A group work intervention method for urban adolescents. Social Work with Groups, 26(3), 45–59. De Waal, F. B. M. (2007). Putting the altruism back into altruism: The evolution of empathy. Annual Review of Psychology, 59(4), 4.1–4.22. Dubow, E. F., Huesmann, L. R., & Eron, L. D. (1987). Mitigating aggression and promoting prosocial behavior in aggressive elementary schoolboys. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 25(6), 527–531. Eisenberg, N., & Fabes, R.A.(1998). Prosocial Development. In W. Damon, (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Social, emotional, and personality development (Vol. 3, pp. 701–778). New York: Wiley. Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., & Spinrad, T. L. (2006). Prosocial development. In N. Eisenberg (Vol. Ed.), W. Damon & R. M. Lerner (Series Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Social, emotional, and personality development (Vol. 3, pp. 646–718). New York: Wiley. Eisenberg, N., Guthrie, B., Murphy, C., Shepard, S. A., Cumberland, A., & Carlo, G. (1999). Consistency and development of prosocial dispositions: A longitudinal study. Child Development, 70(6), 1360–1372. Fehr, E., & Fischbacher, U. (2003). The nature of human altruism.Nature, 425(6960), 785–791. Flannery, D. J., Liau, A. K., Powell, K. E., Vesterdal, W., Vazsonyi, A.T., Guo, S., et al. (2003). Initial behavior outcomes for the peacebuilders universal school-based violence prevention program.Developmental Psychology, 39, 292–308. Fraser, M. W., Day, S. H., Galinsky, M. J., Hodges, V. G., & Smokowski, P. R. (2004). Conduct problems and peer rejection in childhood: A randomized trial of the making choices and strong families programs. Research on Social Work Practice, 14, 313–324. Graziano, W. G., Habashi, M. M., Sheese, B. E., & Tobin, R. M. (2007). Agreeableness, empathy, and helping: A person X situation perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93(4), 583–59. Hamilton, W. D. (1964). The genetical evolution of social behaviour I and II. Journal of Theoretical Biology 7, 1–52. Hoffman, M. L. (2000). Empathy and moral development: Implications for caring and justice. New York: Cambridge University Press. Johnson, M. K., Beebe, T., Mortimer, J. T., & Snyder, M. (1998). Volunteerism in adolescence: A process perspective. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 8(3), 309–332. Kazdin, A. E., Bass, D., Siegel, T., & Thomas, C. (1989). Cognitive-behavioral therapy and relationship therapy in the treatment of children referred for antisocial behavior. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 57(4), 522–535. Knafo, A., & Plomin, R. (2006). Parental discipline and affection and children’s prosocial behavior: Genetic and environmental links.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 147–164. Lakes, K. D., & Hoyt, W. T. (2004). Promoting self-regulation through school-based martial arts training. Applied Developmental Psychology, 25, 283–302. Levine, R. V., Norenzayan, A., & Philbrick, K. (2001). Cross-cultural differences in helping strangers. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32, 543–560. McMahon, S. D., & Washburn, J. J. (2003). Violence prevention: An evaluation of program effects with urban African American students. Journal of Primary Prevention, 24(1), 43–62. Penner, L. A., Dovidio, J. F., Piliavin, J. A., & Schroeder, D. A. (2005). Prosocial behavior: multilevel perspectives. Annual Reviews of Psychology, 56, 365–392. Rushton, J. P. (1984). The altruistic personality: Evidence from laboratory, naturalistic, and self-report perspectives. In E. Staub, D. Bar-Tal, J. Karylowski, & J. Reykowski (Eds.), The Development and Maintenance of Prosocial Behavior: International Perspectives on Positive Development (pp. 271–290). New York: Plenum. Solomon, D., Watson, M. S., Delucchi, K. L., Scraps, E., & Battistich, V. (1988). Enhancing children’s prosocial behavior in the classroom. Ame rican Educational Research Journal, 25, 527–554. Wentzel, K. R., McNamara, B. C., & Caldwell, K. A. (2004). Friendships in middle school: influences on motivation and school adjustment. Journal of Education Psychology, 96(2), 195–203. Zahn-Waxler, C., Robinson, J. L., & Emde, R. N. (1992). The development of empathy in twins. Developmental Psychology, 28(6), 1038–1047. http://www.education.com/reference/article/prosocial-behavior/

INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT - Essay Example Total quality management is an approach to manufacturing in which organizations strive to try and continuously improve the quality of products and services that are offered to their customers. TQM was developed in response to the continuous production of high quality goods at cheap rates. The concept of TQM became popular in early 1980s. The proper implementation of TQM within an organization ensured that process and waste from the processes used by an organization were completely removed (Ross & Perry, 1999). The problem associated with implementing TQM at a university is recognizing the main customers. Unlike most large organizations a university does not produce any product or does not provide regular service. Experts however believe that for a university its customers would be students towards whom the staff focuses on adding value. Needs of the customer TQM is a customer based approach where the organization completely focuses its efforts resources on trying to fulfill the needs of the customer and ensure that the customer remains satisfied. Value is continuously added towards the customer and it is ensured that the basic aim of the organization is the fulfillment of their expectations from the organization (Padhi, 2010). At Cardiff Metropolitan University the teaching and the support staff place a great deal of effort in ensuring that students of the university are provided with the best education and additional services. In addition the student’s expectation of the university preparing them for the real world is also worked on and students are ensured that their hard works is paid off when their career flourishes after they graduate. Investigating cost related to quality As mentioned above the concept of TQM greatly revolves around providing value to the customer. It is important that the quality provided to the customer is of top notch and therefore continuous improvements within quality is necessary. To do so organizations have to analyze the co st of improving the quality and reduce it as much as possible (Shim & Siegel, 1999). At Cardiff Metropolitan University quality cannot be compromised on. The management of the university has to ensure that the quality of education and support is such that students can easily grasp the concepts taught to them and are able to implement these concepts to enhance their careers. Furthermore the university also focuses on improving the environment that they get at the campus and ensure that it is comfortable enough for them to adjust. Developing systems that support quality improvements Systems that are developed within an organization must have their focus towards quality and must be flexible enough to include any improvements that are made to the process. Such procedures are vital with respect to TQM (Shim & Siegel, 1999). Designing processes whose main focus is quality at a university would significantly improve not only the graduation rate but would also help students with securing a bright future for themselves. Covering all parts of the organization To increase productivity within the organization’s employees it is necessary that they are provided with the proper training and ensuring all the basic parts are covered. Employees must be fully aware of their role within the organization and their role in helping establish an ideal TQM environment (Snell & Bohlander, 2011). Staff at the university must be aware of how they are to approach a student. Each student has a different nature and may react differently in different situations. Proper

Strategic planning at Canon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Strategic planning at Canon - Essay Example Canon is a firm that is already well established in the global market. The success of the firm can be considered as the result of a well structured strategic planning process where the needs of the firm’s departments are aligned and are appropriately served through flexible strategic measures. At the time when the firm established – in 1957 – the use of strategic planning for the promotion of a firm’s interests was limited. Through the years, the firm managed to improve its strategic plans responding to the customer demands but also to the global competition – which has been increased at quite high levels the last decade. The firm has chosen to apply three different – in terms of their duration - strategic plans. In the short term, the improvement of the firm’s finances has been set as a priority – the pressure of the global competition is clear. In the medium term, however, the firm chooses to focus on its goals and its resources (both capital and human resources). In the long term, the criteria for the development of the firm’s strategic choices are going to be reviewed; the improvement of the firm’s position in the global market (1st position in the specific industrial sectors worldwide) would be then an achievable target. The success of the strategic planning process used by the firm can be proved primarily by its performance. In accordance with the figures related with the firm’s activities – as included in its financial statements – the sales of Canon have been increased to 3,468 billion (2004) from 4.2 billion in the first year that the firm entered the particular industry (in 1950). The particular elements of the firm’s strategic planning process can be identified in Figure 5 (Appendix). The range of the firm’s products is significant including computer, optical products, photocopiers and cameras. The significant advantage of the firm towards its competitors can be identified to its

Water first- movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Water first- - Movie Review Example The most important attribute of the film is that though it is beyond general comprehension to relate such issues pertaining to women empowerment or combating HIV or AIDS and other contaminated diseases with ecological issue such as water consummation or sustainability, the film co – relates and addresses the same. As water consummation is a serious ecological issues world wide, similarly, women education, empowerment, sanitation and other health related issues are very core matter in the realm of human rights. Fresh drinking water along with minimum facility of health and sanitation is the fundamental human right of every global citizen and this film acts as an eye-opener through the story of Charles Banda, who at a very local level with local initiatives drilled 800 wells in the impoverish country like Malawi. The film talks and conveys a change which is mandatory in the present scenario and encourages education and eradication of poverty, hunger and inequality regarding the privileges and opportunities from which women are deprived in under-developed countries. The documentary named â€Å"Water First† is an attempt and a serious effort taken by the United Nations in educating and awaring people that a simple â€Å"can do† attitude can change everything. A little effort and a great determination can make big differences. The movie encapsulates the local effort of a fireman and transports it to a paradigm which is global. In representing this phenomenon a lot of effort and expertise was essential for conveying the hidden messages and awareness program launched through the movie. United Nations had a particular agenda behind their program â€Å"Millennium Development Goals† or (MDGs). The set goals, which fall under the MDG program launched by United Nations, committed to undertake many development oriented programs under which it was soon understood that the clean water is a major agenda and a very formative issue in the path of

Luke and Jesus in Biblical Text Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Luke and Jesus in Biblical Text - Essay Example Among his first tasks was to call some twelve men who were henceforth his disciples. These were twelve in number. In spite of his being a son of a carpenter, the Bible further teaches that Jesus grew into one of the greatest teaches history has had to offer, and arguably the greatest teacher of his time. Over and above his great teachings, Jesus is reputed as a great healer and performer of miracles. These, together with his great teachings, earned him great fame trough out the land. In the course of time, the Bible records that Jesus fell out with the Jewish religious leaders and teachers (including the High Priest of the time) and was hence closely watched and tracked as his rivals looked for the opportune time to kill him. It was hard for the conspirator to succeed in their mission for some time. They at times feared that the people would riot since Jesus was loved and followed by many people. When they ultimately managed to get him, they effectively accused him falsely and mobilized mobs that ensured that even if acquitted, he would still get killed. They were successful in getting him killed, and this happened on a cross in the hands of the Romans. All these events and occurrences had been foretold in the Old Testament by many prophets who spoke, taught and prophesied in Israel and Judah. It is remarkable that a lot of details about a king in the future had been foretold, and of all figures in history, only Jesus satisfied all that had been spoken. That included being born of a virgin and in the lineage of King David. Given his story, all the prophecies about him as well as the detailed accounts of his life, it is only reasonable to conclude that Jesus was on earth with a clearly defined mission. Whether the biblical text in Luke 4: 14-30 adequately defines his agenda on earth is thus the big question to consider.

The Onion News Network Reader Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Onion News Network Reader Response - Essay Example Such range of awareness has been evoked by such satirical stories highlighted like that of the Japanese tsunami relief, which was followed by serious comments from its viewers. On the other hand, satire news exposes the rot in the government as well as the shortcomings witnessed in most public offices. In the absence of such arenas, the failures and contradictions in many institutions would go unnoticed. Such has been the advocacy of such programs like The Daily Show, which highlights recent ideas and topics of issues that inform the society. Viewers who highly understand the aspect of humor in the satirical news are able to understand situations better than the way they are given in the normal news broadcasts. In this light, the shows of Colbert Report have provided useful insights to its viewers (Amarasingam 62). For example, he named a Hungarian bridge after himself in one of the shows, a silly but insightful portray of the political situation at the

THE GREAT GATSBY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

THE GREAT GATSBY - Essay Example Myriel, however, turns out to be the first individual in decades to treat Valjean with adore and respect. The meeting with Myriel perpetually transforms Valjean’s character, as Myriel makes Valjean promise to turn out to be an honest man (Hugo, 2010 ). Once Valjean opens up his compassion, he becomes a evidence to the redemptive power of love and sympathy. His hard work and new vision change the dilapidated town of Montreuil-sur-mer into a flourishing manufacturing center, which in sequence teaches Valjean the value of charity. In taking care of Cosette, Valjean learns how to love others and how to pass that love. He is incomparable only in his physical strength and his enthusiasm to discover what is good, and this genuineness is enough to make him the novel’s hero as well as a rescuer and a friend to a number of individuals who find themselves in hazard. Hardened by prison and rescued by the kindness of M. Myriel, Valjean is a empty slate, molded by his acquaintance and circumstances. This aptitude to change makes him a universal symbol of anticipation if he can learn love and charity after distressing so much injustice. Now comparing and contrasting Valjean’s character with Gatsby, following can be deduced: Jay Gatsby is the title character and leading role of the novel, Gatsby who is a staggeringly wealthy young man living in a Gothic house in West Egg. He is well-known for the sumptuous parties he throws every Saturday night, but no one knows where he live, what he do, or how he made his wealth. As the novel progresses, it is revealed to Nick that Gatsby was born James Gatz on a farmhouse in North Dakota; working for a millionaire made him bestow his life to the achievement of wealth. When he meets Daisy while teaching to be an police officer in Louisville, he fell in love with her. Nick also discovered that Gatsby made his fortune through illegal activity, as he was enthusiastic to do anything to gain

Philosophy of Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Philosophy of Life - Essay Example Throughout my whole life the sense of family has been a value instilled in me by my grandparents and parents. They have always have stressed the importance of spending time together as a family, so growing up, family has just been a part of the person I was slowly becoming. Every Sunday after church,our family tradition has always been to have my father’s side of the family to get together for breakfast. It is something that is always the same, we have the main dish of cheesy eggs with toast, and everyone is responsible for bringing a side dish to go with the main meal. My grandparent’s house is filled with the chattering and laughing of everyone updating one another on how their week has gone. The men sit in the family room discussing farming, sports, or weather. While the women gather in the kitchen filling each other in on the latest gossip or upcoming events in our town. Then there is the chaos of the grandkids and great grandkids running around and screaming as the y play various games together. My grandma has always insisted it was something we had to do. She wanted us all to know what was going on in each others lives and not lose track of the importance of family, regardless of our busy schedules. It is a tradition that we have continued even after she left us for the higher plain. We continue the tradition knowing that she would have wanted us to do so. Now that I am older and in college I realize I miss being able to go see my family every Sunday and look forward to it when I come home. Even though family has always been something I valued, now that I am further away and unable to see them as often, I have developed an even stronger appreciation for the significance of spending time together as a family. Honesty is another value that has been influenced and expected of me by my family as I was growing up. From the time I was achild my parents always promoted the importance of honesty, and demonstrated it to us by being good examples to fo llow. Throughout my rebellious high school years, my freshman and sophomore years, was when I truly implemented honesty as one of my own values that I found imperative to uphold and not just something that was expected of me. During my rebellious years I would defy my parents and make up lies about where I was truly going. In most of the cases it ended up getting me into more trouble than if I would have told them honestly where I was going right away. After countless times of my parents figuring out I had lied and punishing me for my deviance, I finally realized it was easier to be honest. Telling them where I was going and what I would be doing allowed us to develop a sense of trust , openness, and an earnest relationship with one another that I value to this very day. The trusted me more, and to my surprise they actually approved of the events I thought they would prevent me from attending. Now honesty is something I believe to have great worth and feel as though I have more resp ect for myself as a result of incorporating honesty into my value system. Teamwork is another value very important to me. I developed teamwork early on in my childhood and have continued to build on it from playing sports. During elementary school I participated in both basketball and little league softball. Starting out learning all the basic rules and skills of the sport was a challenge. Then by actually playing the game it became critical to work together

Minerals and Energy Resources Essay Example for Free

Minerals and Energy Resources Essay We require metals for making machines, sands and gravels for making roads and buildings,  sand for making computer chips, limestone and gypsum for making concrete, clays for making ceramics, gold, silver, copper and aluminum for making electric circuits, and diamonds  and corundum (sapphire, ruby, emerald) for abrasives and jewelry. A mineral deposit is a volume of rock enriched in one or more materials. In this sense a mineral refers to a useful material, a definition that is different from the way we defined a mineral back in Chapter Here the word mineral can be any substance that comes from the Earth. Finding and exploiting mineral deposits requires the application of the principles of geology that you have learned throughout this course. Some minerals are used as they are found in the ground, i. e. they require no further processing or very little processing. For example gemstones, sand, gravel, and  salt (halite). Most minerals must be processed before they are used. For example: * Iron is the found in abundance in minerals, but the process of extracting iron from different minerals varies in cost depending on the mineral. It is least costly to extract the iron from oxide minerals like hematite (Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), or limonite [Fe(OH)]. Although iron also occurs in olivines, pyroxenes, amphiboles, and biotite, the concentration of iron in these minerals is less, and cost of extraction is increased because strong bonds between iron, silicon, and oxygen must be broken. * Aluminum is the third most abundant mineral in the Earths crust. It occurs in the most common minerals of the crust the feldspars (NaAlSi3O8, KalSi3O8, ; CaAl2Si2O8, but the cost of extracting the Aluminum from these minerals is high. Thus, deposits containing the mineral gibbsite [Al(OH)3], are usually sought. This explains why recycling of Aluminum is cost effective, since the Aluminum does not have to be separated from oxygen or silicon. Because such things as extraction costs, manpower costs, and energy costs vary with time and from country to country, what constitutes an  economically viable deposit  of minerals varies considerably in time and place. In general, the higher the concentration of the substance, the more economical it is to mine. Thus we define an ore as a mineral deposit from which one or more valuable substances can be extracted economically. Extraction of this oil also requires heating the rock and is therefore energy intensive and not currently cost effective Coal Coal  is a sedimentary/metanorphic rock produced in swamps where there is a large-scale accumulation of organic matter from plants. As the plants die they accumulate to first become peat. Compaction of the peat due to burial drives off   volatile components like water and methane, eventually producing a black- colored organic- rich coal called lignite. Further compaction and heating results in a more carbon- rich coal called bituminous coal. If the rock becomes metamorphosed, a high grade coal called anthracite is produced. However, if temperatures and pressures become extremely high, all of the carbon is converted to graphite. Graphite will burn only at high temperatures and is therefore not useful as an energy source. Anthracite coal produces the most energy when burned, with less energy produced by bituminous coal and lignite. Coal is found in beds called seams, usually ranging in thickness from 0. 5 to 3m, although some seams reach 30 m. Two major coal producing periods are known in geologic history. During the Carboniferous and Permian Periods, the continents were apparently located near the equator and covered by shallow seas. This type of environment favored the growth of vegetation and rapid burial to produce coal. Known reserves of coal far exceed those of other fossil fuels, and may be our best bet for an energy source of the future. Still, burning of the lower grades of coal, like lignite and bituminous coal produces large amounts of waste products that pollute the atmosphere. This problem needs to be overcome before we can further exploit this source of energy. Bottom of Form

The History Of The Hypermarket Industry Marketing Essay

The History Of The Hypermarket Industry Marketing Essay In the chapter 1, we will giving an overview of our research topics and also will study the background of the research topic. Besides, this chapter will also explain about the research problems and outline the research objectives that are need to be achieved by us, research question to be answered, hypotheses to be tested and lastly the significance of the study. Research Background Scholars have attempted to build a better definition of impulse buying for over fifty years (Karbasivar Yarahmadi, 2011). Moreover, Lim, Badarulzama, and Ahmad (2003) also claimed that the retail trend in Malaysia keep increasing over years. In other words, retailers such as supermarkets and hypermarkets will substantially increasing in the future and the competition between these retailers will keep rising continuously. In addition of retail trend, there is potential growing trend in impulse purchasing as well (Bayley Nancarrow, 1998). During the research on the topic of impulse buying behaviour, researcher has identified several of essential information. Firstly, Hausman (2000) summarise the previous studies finding and stated that there are almost 90 percent of people making occasionally impulse purchases and 30 percent and 50 percent of all purchases were classified by the buyers themselves as impulse purchases. Besides, Rook and Fishers (1995) also pointed that consumers try to manage their innate impulsive tendencies as they feel that impulse buying as immature or lacking of behavioural control and it is normatively wrong. Yet consumers still insist on purchase product impulsive from retailers especially hypermarket. For these reasons, marketers have the tendency to increase knowledge and understand of the process, of influential factors and of effects of impulse buying (Hair, Bush Ortinau, 2003). Impulsive buying behaviour of consumers often occurred in hypermarket as hypermarket consists of one-stop and all-under-one-roof features (PricewaterhouseCoopers [PwC], 2005). In other words, shoppers who shop in hypermarket will make their purchase on all desired products at once and at the same, they able to enjoy the entertainment facilities provided under the same roof such as bowling alleys, cinema, and snooker centre. In addition, the citizens in Malaysia are becoming wealthier and making them afford to purchase plenty of products including luxury products. In addition, the citizens in Malaysia are becoming wealthier and making them afford to purchase plenty of products including luxury products. Wong (2010) also claimed that the price war among retailers including hypermarkets, supermarkets and small-scale retailers to compete to be low cost leader, resulting the Malaysian to purchase unnecessary product impulsively. 1.1.1 Hypermarket Industry Hypermarket started entering Malaysia in the early 1990s (Lim et al., 2003). Hypermarket is a superstore that merges both supermarket and department store to become a very huge retail facility which carries a tremendous variety of products under one roof, as well as full lines of groceries and general merchandise (Matamalas Ramos, 2009). Most of the hypermarkets are foreign retailers such as Giant, Carrefour, Tesco and so forth while for famous Malaysian-owned hypermarket is MYDIN hypermarket. Due to the significant growth in retail of Malaysia for the past few years and the expansion of foreign brand retailers by entering into our country, it helps to provide consumers with more choice in selection of brands and styles (Wel, Hussin Omar, 2011). Through shopping in hypermarket retailing, consumers will benefit in terms of lower prices, good quality and reliable supply of plenty of variety and assortments of goods including after sales services (Mohd Noor, Mamat Darawi, 2009). Retailers have long discovered the influence power of impulse buying, which is indeed a focal point in many purchasing activities (Mattila Wirtz, 2008). Hypermarket retailers will also value this opportunity as impulse buying will bring substantial amount of profit for them. Furthermore, some grocery retailers especially hypermarkets are starting to compete with purely non-grocery retailers such as home appliances as consumers demanding for more choices (Mohd Noor et al., 2009). The reason that hypermarket retailers took this action is to capture more sales profit from the consumers. 1.1.2 Students Purchasing Power The purchasing power of students must not be underestimated as they could generate a portion of sales for the hypermarket retailers. Besides, there is a new trend emerged from retailers such as supermarket, hypermarket, and shopping mall to build their shop near the higher education institution such as college and university as they have found the importance of students as key segments for their business (Ahmed, Ghingold Dahari, 2007). Basically, it is known that the students resources are mainly come from their parents and the student loan from government or private institutions. Danes, Huddleston-Casas and Boyce (1999) pointed that college students had many resources to spend and tended to be purchase impulsively. While Sabri and MacDonald (2010) revealed that college and university students in Malaysia would like to shop and purchase non-academic goods aggressively once they receive their student loans. Their study also shows there are about 45 percent of students in Malaysia spe nt all their loans before the end of semester (Sabri MacDonald, 2010). Moreover, some high education institutions in Malaysia have introducing their students to visit hypermarket near the students hostel and institution as the price offered by hypermarket will be cheaper than any small specialty shops, leading these students to make purchase in hypermarket (Berjaya University College of Hospitality, 2013; MONASH University, 2013). Apart from that, researches had shown that the students who visit hypermarket possesses greater proportion to purchase impulsively compare to other segments (Lim et al., 2011; ET Bureau, 2012). In addition, the continuous expansion of education services in Malaysia has made students as an important consumer market segment (Economic Planning Unit, 2006). There are two reasons why they will become an important consumer market segment. The first reason is the students purchasing power in Malaysia has growing, due to the availability of student loans; second, among all the market segments of population, student segment is the segment that has great potential earnings in future (Sabri, MacDonald, Masud, Paim, Hira Othman, 2008). Problem Statement Retailers have long discovered the influence power of impulse buying, which is indeed an essential point in many purchasing activities (Mattila Wirtz, 2008). As the result, it produce intensive competition among the retailers such as supermarkets, hypermarkets, discount stores, convenience stores and even the small-scale retailers in the form of shop houses. The fierce competition among retailers especially supermarkets and hypermarkets required them to figure out any approaches to attract consumers and lead them to make impulsive purchase as consumer impulse buying is one of the greatest ways for retailers to generate high profitability. Specifically for students, as there are previous studies shown that students cover high percentage of sales from impulse purchasing (Lim et al., 2011; ET Bureau, 2012). Although there are consumers including student who always revisit their favourite retail stores and tend to be loyal to a particular store but some consumers are often to be cherry pickers (Wel et al., 2011). In other words, they are not usually loyal to one store, while on the contrary, they will easily switch to other retail stores in order to bargain for the best price before they purchase any of the products. Therefore, in order to survive in the current marketplace, retailers must find out the ways to attract and retain significant share of consumer impulse purchases (Dlamini, 2006). As the result, as to achieve competitive advantage and stand out in marketplace, it is crucial to examine the effect of impulse purchases and highlighting factors that will direct and indirectly affect consumer impulse buying behaviour towards retail setting industry such as hypermarket. Hausman (2000) stated that impulse buying is an enigma within marketing world as it is considered wrong by the literature and consumers, yet it still account for a large amount of sales for retail industry every year. In addition, information about impulse buying and its numerous influential variables is still considered less (Abdolvand, Hanzaee, Rahnama Khoshpanjeh, 2011). Hence, scholars and researchers should participate further in this challenging topic. Although researches might face plenty of complicatedness during the process of investigating and examine, this topic has generated substantial amount of research interest for over thirty years (Beatty Ferrell, 1998). The topic of impulse purchases has received substantial research interest in marketing literature (Beatty Ferrell, 1998; Rook Fisher, 1995; Hadjali, Salimi Ardestani, 2012). However, research on impulse buying is often focused on consumers in the United States, yet fewer researches are done in non-western country such as Malaysia (Kacen Lee, 2002). Therefore, this study is to gain better understanding of how in-store environment, positive emotions and social norms influence consumer impulse buying behaviour in Malaysia. This study will investigate whether in-store environment, positive emotions and social norms have the power to influence consumer impulse buying behaviour in Malaysia corresponds to the western countries. Research objective According to the problem statement mentioned above, the researches of the topic of impulse buying behaviour is still ambiguous and it is requires for scholars or researchers to implement more researches in order to remove the ambiguous and acquire more accurate information of impulse buying behaviour. Apart from that, due to the tense competition among the hypermarket in Malaysia, hypermarket owners must clearly identified the important elements or factors that will truly influence the consumers to make purchase impulsively in their respective hypermarkets. 1.3.1 General objective This research is concentrated on underlying factors that influencing impulse buying behaviour. Besides, this research also studies on analyzing the relationship between the factors and impulse buying behaviour. Specific Objective To examine the relationship between in-store environment and impulse buying behaviour in hypermarket. To examine the relationship between positive emotion and impulse buying behaviour in hypermarket. To examine the relationship between social norms and impulse buying behaviour in hypermarket. Research Question Does in-store environment positively influence impulse buying behaviour in hypermarket? Does positive emotion positively influence impulse buying behaviour in hypermarket? Do social norms positively influence impulse buying behaviour in hypermarket? 1.5 Hypothesis of the study Findings from previous research together with the objectives of the study lead toward the development of the following hypotheses: There is a relationship between in-store environment and impulse buying behaviour in hypermarket. There is a relationship between positive emotion and impulse buying behaviour in hypermarket. There is a relationship between social norms and impulse buying behaviour in hypermarket. 1.6 Significance of the Study This research is determining whether impulse buying behaviour of college and university students has significant influence on stores sales and profit, and most of the stores and hypermarket had started implemented the impulse buying strategy. Due to this reason, our research is to study what are the critical factors that trigger the customer impulsive buying behaviour. This research is relatively important to all retailers especially hypermarket owners. By going through this research study, retailers are able to understand the critical factors that will greatly affect their store sales. For example, the enhanced store design or store environment that is varies from the conventional store design which is believed that it is unique by comparing to other stores, thereby it will play as a role of catching the attention of the pass by customers. Therefore, it can increase or trigger the tendency of impulse buying behaviour of the customers. 1.7 Chapter layout 1.7.1 Chapter 1: Introduction This chapter will provide an overview of the study which includes the background of studies, problem statement, general and specific objectives, research questions, hypothesis, and significance of the study, chapter layout and conclusion that explaining the purpose of the research. 1.7.2 Chapter 2: Literature Review This chapter shows the literature review that includes a full relevant of the relevant research work for the research topic. It describes the relationships for every independent and dependent variables. The research study reviews the relevant theoretical models, and then proposes the theoretical framework and hypotheses development. 1.7.3 Chapter 3: Research Methodology This chapter describes how the research study is carried out and gathers the data, by using the appropriate research design, data collection methods, sampling design, research instrument, construct measurement data processing and method of data analysis. 1.7.4 Chapter 4: Research Result This chapter presents the patterns of the results and analyses of the results which are relevant to the research questions and hypotheses by using SPSS analysis. 1.7.5 Chapter 5: Discussion and Conclusion In this chapter, the research study summarizes the research findings which are included statistical analyses, discussions of major findings, implications of study, limitations of the study and recommendations for future research. 1.8 Conclusion This chapter will provide an overview of the research study. The background, problem statement of this study, research objective and questions has been identified. Hypotheses of this study have been formed and it will be used to focus on factors that influence impulse buying behaviour in hypermarket. A further review of the previous relevant studies and researches will be conducted in the next chapter.

Scarlet Letter Essay -- essays research papers

A common theme throughout literature is religion and how the author feels about his or her faith. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses rhetorical devices to draw comparisons between characters and events in The Scarlet Letter and Biblical figures and accounts. A few of the devices found in this novel that connect it to the Bible are symbolism, paradox, allusions, and characterization. It is important to first look at the characters and how they are described through characterization. The first rhetorical device is characterization. The way the main characters are described by Hawthorne sets up how they will be perceived. It is through this that we see the first inklings of biblical figures. Biblical characters are seen in Pearl, Hester, Dimmesdale, Chillingworth, and the Puritan people. The first is that Hester has many traits in common with the Virgin Mary. Both are originally shunned by society, but later accepted. Although Hester has sinned, within her the reader sees a character who is very loving and with the birth of Pearl, motherly. The fact that Pearl is the child of Hester, or the Virgin Mary as we have now identified her, it is only natural that we examine her as Jesus. The origins of Pearl and Jesus are similar in that both their mothers do not expect to have the child. But as they grow up, it becomes clear that the are not ordinary children. Both characters posses an innate ability to "read" people and who their emotions, as is seen in Pearl’s ability to visualize an â€Å"A† on Dimmesdale even though he does not wear a physical one. Jesus can also be seen in Dimmesdale during his last days of life. Dimmesdale’s death is caused by his sin and Jesus died for the sins of all people, both men dying without objection. Another Biblical character is seen in Chillingworth. Throughout the novel he is described as a man whose life is based on revenge and hatred. This â€Å"was a striking evidence of man’s faculty of transforming himself into the devil.† (155) The final part of characterization is in the similarities between the societies of the two times, Biblical and Puritan. Both the Jews/Romans and the Puritans accused and persecuted those who the saw as unholy, while in fact they were the least holy of all. Their pride in being religiously strict caused them to lash out at those who in hindsight are the holy ones. With this basic ... ...r being Biblical stories in disguise. The first is the connection between Hester and the Virgin Mary. The paradox is found in Hester’s representation of Mary. Hester was definitely not a virgin; however, her counterpart, Mary, and her life are most miraculous because she was a virgin. Another paradox is seen through the similarities of Pearl in Jesus. Pearl comes from sin, but goes on to live a beautiful life. Jesus on the other hand was born without sin, only to be condemned by and subsequently killed by the establishment. Another paradox is in that the Puritans prided themselves on being good Christians and condemned those who they found unholy. Ironically it is they who are the bad people and the people they have condemned whom are the best Christian, (barring Hester and that whole adultery thing.) Nathaniel Hawthorne’s use of rhetorical devices allows for a vivid connection to be drawn between his novel and the Bible. The use of symbolism, paradox, allusions, and characterization create a story that has in it the underlying of Bible stories. The use of the most widely read book as a pillar for his novel strengthens Hawthorne’s criticism and commentary on the Puritan society.

Suicide Will Condemn One to Hell Essay -- essays research papers

Suicide Will Condemn One to Hell   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Suicide is the only simple act that gives man absolute control of his life. Everyone from an early age contemplates and fantasizes with the idea of being able to end their life. Throughout time, this act has become more accepted, and easier to accomplish. Many people today believe there are reasons to justifiably end one’s own life. Though, through Christianity, it is found that not only is suicide wrong, but is the only simple act that will condemn one to hell.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Suicide is not really suicide when it deals with children. From childhood, people are tempted with the idea of suicide. Children, from the media, their friends and family are introduced with this idea from an early age. Though, there are not many cases where children commit suicide, there are a few instants that leave survivors puzzled. The difficult part about child suicide is, how old do you have to be to realize what you are doing. If a child does not know what they are doing is wrong, by committing suicide, it is not suicide. When the child does not know what they are doing, then the suicide changes from murder to an accident.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another instance, in which suicide could be justified as not wrong, is when it deals with the mentally unstable. This is also like child suicide, because the insane are not capable of judging right from wrong. No one knows the degree of sanity one needs to be able to decipher their own actions, so this is also completely left up t...

Are video games good for kids? Essay

Are video games bad for kids? Back in time in mid 90’s the best source of entertainment for kids was the television that have a great variety of cartoons for the kids to have good entertainment and learn good things. But now they have video games that right now are the top selling industry in the world according to Barbara Ortutay of MSNBC online â€Å"the selling of video games on July of this year went to $1. 19 billion with a 17 percent more than last year. But the only concern for the society is that kids are getting to much access to violent games and that makes the video games bad for them. As said by David Walsh, Ph. D. National Institute on Media and the Family he said in this report that â€Å"Children are more likely to imitate the actions of a character with whom they identify. In violent video games the player is often required to take the point of view of the shooter or perpetrator. Video games by their very nature require active participation rather than passive observation. Repetition increases learning. Video games involve a great deal of repetition. If the games are violent, then the effect is a behavioral rehearsal for violent activity. † He also said that â€Å"Exposure to violent games increases physiological arousal, increases aggressive thoughts, increases aggressive emotions and increases aggressive actions. † Video games should not be at the reach of any kid because more all less they all involve violence like for example Mario games that all of them involve killing enemies for success, or crash bandicoot that have the same type of game experience as Mario. Naturally there are always people that do not think the same way like ABC news. com that make a report of social critic Steven Johnson, author of the controversial new book, â€Å"Everything Bad Is Good for You. â€Å"he argues that video games — violent or not — are making children smarter. â€Å"You have to manage multiple objectives at the same time,† he said. â€Å"You have to manage all these different resources, and you have to make decisions every second of the game. † Video games typically require the player to complete a number of specific tasks to win. â€Å"Well we have to get the Jeep, we have to ride up a hill, kill the snipers, drive past the mountainside, go into another giant palace and activate the remote,† said one 10-year-old interviewed by ABC News while playing the Halo 2 video game, designed for the Microsoft Xbox gaming system. But children should not be exposed to that type of learning because they are going to be more aggressive and â€Å"less positive people toward life† according to David Walsh. ABC also site from Johnson that â€Å"Children who play such video games exhibit what experts call â€Å"fluid intelligence,† or problem solving. † â€Å"They have to discover the rules of the game and how to think strategically,† said James Paul Gee, a University of Wisconsin-Madison curriculum and instruction professor. â€Å"Like any problem solving that is good for your head, it makes you smarter. † â€Å"Intelligence test scores in the United States are rising faster than ever, experts say. One possible reason: Studies show video games make people more perceptive, training their brains to analyze things faster. † But the truth based on studies is that â€Å"Studies measuring cognitive responses to playing violent video games have shown that violent games increase aggressive thoughts. These findings have been found for males and females, children and adults, and in experimental and correlational studies. † Said David Walsh on his report. In conclusion violent video games should be restricted for kids in all the way possible because they will develop more aggressive actions, less caring and aggressive emotions in comparison with regular games that also have that responses and that also should be avoided for the raising of a kid. People can say that the help to problem solving and to fast response to other thing but the truth is that the make more damage than a helping. Works Cited Walsh, David. â€Å"Video Game Violence and Public Policy† culturalpolicy. edu. 2001. September 30, 2008. http://culturalpolicy. uchicago. edu/conf2001/papers/walsh. html. Ortutay, Barbara. â€Å"July video game sales jump 28 percent† MSNBC. com. August 14, 2008. September 30, 2008. http://www. msnbc. msn. com/id/26208654/ Argumentative essay Angel Bello 802-08-0724 October 1,2008.

McDonalds wishes to rework on its restaurant interiors Essay

McDonald’s is the world’s leading global foodservice retailer with more than 33,000 locations in 118 countries. McDonald’s has several company owned stores, but uses Franchising for both domestic and international expansion. McDonald’s India was set up as a 50:50 joint-venture between McDonald’s at a global level and regional Indian partners such as Hardcastle Restaurants Private Limited in western India, and Connaught Plaza Restaurants Private Limited in northern India. McDonald’s currently has over 220 restaurants in the country. McDonalds doesn’t provide any financial assistance and absentee ownership of finance is not allowed. Also, the financial requirements are quite steep. MFY- for implementing the MFY (Made for You) option for customers, the franchises are required to upgrade their equipment at their own expense. This caused some problem with maintaining standard service across all outlets. Pricing and menu may also be a point of difficulty for the franchiser and franchisee as prices vary between companies owned and franchised stores. Inconsistent standards- There are several instances of poor service or disgruntled customers complaining about the quality of food served. This is because it is difficult to enforce the exact same standards in all franchised stores. McDonald’s aims to provide 100 percent total customer satisfaction. In order to achieve this goal , McDonald’s relies on its operating philosophy based on QSC & V – Quality, Service, Cleanliness and Value. McDonald’s believes that customer satisfaction is crucial to the success of the brand and all Restaurants must perform to the standards. These standards are used in both company owned and franchised restaurants. QUALITY Best ingredients: This is achieved by its commitment to sourcing all its requirements from local farmers and suppliers. Before entering India, the company spent six years and Rs. 450 crore toset up its supply chain. In India McDonalds pioneered the cold chain management which helpskeep vegetables and processed products safe for a longer time. Preparation Standards: Best quality standardized ingredients ensure standardized preparation standards can be followed. Every product has a fixed procedure of preparation. However, newer McDonald’s stores offer MFY (Made for You) where the product is made only after the order is placed. Other standards: * FIFO: (First in first out) for all inventories. * Reverse osmosis water treatment plant: Best technology for water purification at every outlet to provide water. Strict standards for vegetarian products including eggless mayonnaise and eggless ice-cream. SERVICE * Soft standards: * Welcome every customer with a smile and are genuinely friendly at all times * Deliver consistent standards of hospitality Seize opportunities to interact with customers in a personal and positive way * Be well informed about product contents and nutritional information * Always appear clean and well groomed. * Hard standards: * Serve fresh and hot * Serve within one minute of receiving order or give a free coke. This is implemented in a few outlets and is not applicable during peak hours. * Cleanliness and Hygiene * The counters, tables, floor area are to be kept clean at all times. * All staff required to cover their heads and wear gloves when within preparation area. * All these standards are evaluated by mystery shoppers and rated. This is called a RVR Restaurant Visitation Report) which provides a snapshot of the stores performance over a period of a few hours. The stores are graded either A, B, C or F. Facility Exterior: Exterior Design: McDonalds design exhibits a sense of â€Å"Forever Young† look with bright red and yellow colours appealing to the children and establishing its family restaurant positioning. The building provides a practical, contemporary design that aligns with the McDonald’s brand essence while accommodating the latest operational and consumer experience standards. Their mascot Ronald Mcdonald is also present outside each of their restaurants. McDonalds always have all glass restaurants. McDonalds has always clearly identified and managed the various clues that customers use to form the impressions and feeling about their company. In addition to this, McDonalds has separate take away counters in order to save time of their patrons. Signage: All of McDonalds external signage reads as, â€Å"McDonalds-Family restaurant. Also keeping in mind with the local language, all McDonalds restaurant have their name boards in Hindi. McDonalds strongly believes in adhering to the local sentiments and hence none of the outlets in India sell Beef products and every restaurant has this mentioned. Also McDonalds, strongly believes in glass branding for any new products or services they offer. Most of the communication is designed to cater to local tastes and preferences. Parking/Landscape/Surrounding Environment: All McDonald outlets are located are accessible and present everywhere thus capitalizing on brand recognition. Most of the McDonalds have their own restaurants and hence the seating space available is exclusive to McDonald’s patrons. Also McDonalds offers proper parking facilities for its highway restaurants. Facility Interior All McDonalds outlet are standardized in terms of layout and have proper in-store branding. The â€Å"Young and Cheerful† design concept is a progressive, youthful, and energetic environment with open views for social interaction. All McDonald outlets are huge with proper aisles and passages with appropriate signage for seating arena, lavatories, wet floor and food counters. McDonalds has a Made for You food preparation platform.MFY is a unique concept (cooking method) where the food is prepared as the customer places its order. This cooking method has helped McDonald’s further strengthen its food safety, hygiene and quality standards. McDonalds also has illuminated Menu boards that offer a mix of both vegetarian and non vegetarian burgers along with other savories and drinks. McDonalds also has proper queues for placing order and often there is a executive who assists you in order placing. Also McDonalds gives toys for children thus making them wanting to come back. The other visible cues are color, lighting, in-store music, employee uniforms and trays with literary. McDonalds has ample in store lighting and directly inï ¬â€šuences an individual’s perception of the deï ¬ nition and quality of the space, inï ¬â€šuencing his or her awareness of physical, emotional, psychological, and spiritual aspects of the space. The bright McDonald stores ensure prompt handling and evaluation of products. In all McDonald stores the lighting is perceived as more pleasant than other fast food environments. The color scheme that McDonalds uses exhumes cheerfulness and warmth. Red depicts vibrance, cheerfulness while yellow depicts friendliness and brightness. At McDonalds, music is a positive auditory cue stimulating specific consumer behaviour and emotions. Music appears to influence buyer-seller interaction. There is audio played about the latest offers and products. Also a balance and constant sound creates a pleasant sound environment. All employees at McDonald are provided with uniforms and name badges along with caps with McDonald signature â€Å"M† arch. Employees are also trained with appropriate soft skills to address customers. Every employee or front line executive greets the customer and exchanges pleasantries, which makes them happy. Service quality gap: The five gaps that organizations should measure manage and minimize: Gap 1 (Listening gap) is the distance between what customers expect and what managers think they expect – Clearly survey research is a key way to narrow this gap. Gap 2 (standard and specification gap) is between management perception and the actual specification of the customer experience – Managers need to make sure the organization is defining the level of service they believe is needed. 29 Gap 3 (performance gap)is from the experience specification to the delivery of the experience -Managers need to audit the customer experience that their organization currently delivers in order to make sure it lives up to the specification Gap 4 (communication gap) is the gap between the delivery of the customer experience and what is communicated to customers – All too often organizations exaggerate what will be provided to customers, or discuss the best case rather than the likely case, raising customer expectations and harming customer perceptions Gap 5 is the gap between a customer’s perception of the experience and the customer’s expectation of the service – Customers’ expectations have been shaped by word of mouth, their personal needs and their own past experiences. Routine transactional surveys after delivering the customer experience are important for an organization to measure customer perceptions of service Service Quality dimensions Tangibles : Physical evidence of service Reliability : Consistency of performance and dependability Responsiveness : Willingness/readiness of employees to provide service in timely manner Credibility : Trustworthiness, believability, honesty Security : Freedom from danger, risk, doubt, assurance guarantee, Certification Competence : Possession of required skills to perform service Access : Approachability and ease of contact Empathy Courtesy : Politeness, respect, consideration, friendliness Values: They place customer experience at the core of all they do: They believe customers are the reason for their existence. They demonstrate their appreciation by providing them with high quality food and superior service in a clean, welcoming environment, at a great value. Their goal is quality, service, cleanliness and value (QSC&V) for each and every customer, each and every time. They are committed to their people. They provide opportunity, nurture talent, develop leaders and reward achievement. They believe that a team of well-trained individuals with diverse backgrounds and experiences, working together in an environment that fosters respect and drives high levels of engagement, is essential to their continued success. They believe in the McDonald’s System. McDonald’s business model, depicted by their â€Å"three-legged stool† of owner/operators, suppliers, and company employees, is their foundation, and balancing the interests of all three groups is the key. They operate their business ethically. Sound ethics is good business. At McDonald’s, they hold themselves and conduct their business to high standards of fairness, honesty, and integrity. They are individually accountable and collectively responsible. They give back to their communities. They take seriously the responsibilities that come with being a leader. They help their customers in building better communities, support Ronald McDonald House Charities, and leverage their size, scope and resources to help make the world a better place. They grow their business profitably. McDonald’s is a publicly traded company. As such, they work to provide sustained profitable growth for their shareholders. This requires continuous focus on their customers and the health of their system. They strive continually to improve. They are a learning organization that aims to anticipate and respond to changing customer, employee and system needs through constant evolution and innovation. McDonald’s is committed to providing the highest quality food and superior service, at a great value, in a clean and welcoming environment. That’s why we work with their employees, franchisees, and suppliers to serve a balanced array of food choices and provide the nutrition inform ation needed for customers to make sound decisions. At the restaurant level, McDonald’s is focused on energy conservation, sustainable packaging, and waste management. They are dedicated to innovate and improve their operations in order to build an even more sustainable, environment friendly and profitable business. And will continue to re optimize their menu, modernize the customer experience, and broaden accessibility to their brand, so that consumers will always enjoy the maximum McDonald’s experience. Service Blueprint: Loopholes in service operations: A research report released Thursday by Dunnhumby, highlighted by The Wall Street Journal, elucidates that in reality the customer eating experience is becoming more and more important to consumers. With so many fast-food options available, they make their decisions based on loyalty — and a significant portion of this support is garnered through a chain’s friendly customer service and good eating experience. It is without doubt that McDonald’s is still winning over Americans with its cheap Dollar Menu offerings and convenient drive thru service. But its poor customer-service scores are ultimately hurting its sales– a certainty supported by the Dunnhumby report that demonstrates that restaurants with higher customer-service scores tend to show higher comparable sales growth over a two-year period. Thus, if the world’s largest restaurant chain wants to maintain its edge over competitors, it must not only focus on price and promotions, but also the expe rience it offers to customers every day. And McDonald’s executives agree. The Wall Street Journal explains that in a webcast these executives held with franchise owners in March, they called its service â€Å"broken.† The number of customer complaints related to friendliness issues have only increased, and complaints about speed of service also â€Å"have increased significantly over the past six months.† Is it then perhaps possible that customers are becoming more accustomed to the friendly service and loyalty rewards they receive at other growing chains like and then less tolerating of the subpar services they encounter at other fast food chains? With respect to the services provided by McDonalds, the following management issues were observed McDonalds wishes to rework on its restaurant interiors and match up to those of its self owned restaurants, However the problem that they have encountered is that franchisee owners are unwilling to invest in interior design. McDonald’s has introduced MFY (Made for You) whereby the burgers are made after the order is placed. However, the franchises are required to upgrade their equipment in order to follow this. The franchisees are not willing to incur such expenditure which poses a problem to McDonald’s. We normally observe the customary trend of people queuing outside McDonalds especially during the weekends. This is due to the limited capacity space in the restaurants. This has been a persistent management problem for McDonalds. Even though the management at McDonalds has been trying to search for a solution for the same, it fears doing so pertaining to cost issues.

Scene Analysis: Sexuality in Blue Angel

In Josef von Sternberg’s film Blue Angel, female sexuality is defined through the character Lola Lola. The lead female character is captured using select subject-camera distances that seem to make her appear powerful and in control. The medium shots of Professor Rath and the full shots of Lola Lola during the first â€Å"falling in love again† performance are used to compare the emotional male character to the empowered female character, and therefore illustrate the evolving sexual identity of women.The scene begins with a full shot of Lola Lola performing in front of a large audience. Her posture and attire are fully captured by the camera as she sings to the crowd. With her hands on her hip, she performs confidently in an outfit that emphasizes her figure. The camera suddenly shifts to another full shot following Professor Rath to his reserved seat. Because the beautiful singer mesmerizes him, he must be ushered to his seat above the crowd. Again, a full shot captures the performer before she is interrupted for a formal introduction of Professor Rath.The first medium shot in this scene shows the Professor wildly looking below at the crowd. A scanning full shot of the crowd is quickly given before returning to a seemingly happy Rath. Once again Lola strolls around the stage with her hands on her hips; the camera follows her as she sits down and sings to the delighted professor. Although the camera zooms in slightly for a three-quarter shot, the viewer is able to see her streamline body, while she enchants the main character.Rath is filmed from the waist up once more and is visibly consumed by his emotions, while the singer w is captured fully in a slightly seductive position. The camera shifts to a peculiar three-quarter shot of the clown and a musician. From this view, the camera follows the clowns upward gaze as he looks upward at Professor Rath. The camera is slightly distanced from the sitting professor, so the viewer may see a tall sculpture portraying the female body. The Professor becomes visibly uncomfortable by the artwork and awkwardly shifts in his chair until his eyes fall back onto Lola Lola.The camera then switches back and forth between full shots of the alluring singer and medium shots of the entranced man; she appears to be seducing him confidently from the stage as he bashfully watches from afar. The scene closes with a medium shot of the enthralled professor who has truly been captivated by the brazen performer. Throughout the scene, the female character is distanced more than the performer since she is not as emotionally vulnerable as the male lead. Lola remains in control throughout the entire performance, and she effortlessly evokes a response from the man watching her.Professor Rath visibly struggles with the decency of the club. Although the woman singing to professor excites him, the man is slightly uncomfortable with certain aspects of Blue Angel. The subject-camera distances used in Lola’s first performance of â€Å"Falling in Love Again† adds to the movies theme of female sexuality during the Weimer Republic. Full shots capture Lola’s ability to seduce the old professor, while medium shots emphasize his reactions and emotional response. This scene

Payroll Case Essay

Kudler Fine Foods uses a biometric time system which requires the usage of time clocks to monitor the time employees engaged in work responsibilities. The method requires the use of a finger touch pad to identify the numerous time punches made by the employee. The employees information is entered upon hired into the company’s payroll system. Based on the numerous time punches made, the organization evaluates the employees work hours and computes the employees salary. The computation for employee salary includes â€Å"regular time, overtime time, bonuses, holiday pay, vacation pay, etc.† and both federal and state deductions as well as other government deductions and individual benefit deductions such as 401(k) contributions to the employee’s salary (Apollo Group Inc., 2013). Although, this is an effective method to monitor employee work hours and compete payroll, the company’s current system is not directly linked amongst the three operating subsidiaries. The purchase of an industry-specific software can help integrate the flow of information from the three locations by establishing an effective method of recording all of the data and feeding the database. This could prove to be cost-effective considering the expense associated with the development of a customized software. However, some modifications may be required for an industry-specific software in order to suit the company’s demands. The idea is to integrate the three subsidiaries and create a better way of obtaining information and storing data. The system may require a modification to how employee hours are recorded according to the software’s specifications. The process will should remain similar to Kudler’s Fine Foods existing procedure requiring the need to store personal information such as exemptions and other personal data for taxing purposes. The system will maintain employee records and any update made to those records. The employee personnel responsible for administrating payroll can view this information via the integrated system and make adjustments if necessary using proper clearance by a member of management. This system will add value by improving the effectiveness of flow of data and by ensuring that there is sufficient evidence to support payroll computations amongst the subsidiary stores. References Apollo Group Inc., (2007, 2010, 2011, 2013). Kudler Fine Foods. Finance & Accounting; Accounting System Overview. Retrieved on February 11, 2013 from the University of Phoenix.

Agesim 3

Thompson, 2006,comments that it is important â€Å"that due regard is given to questions of good practice in working with older people-that is, to the development of anti-ageist practice. † The Author will now discuss the above with particular attention drawn to Ageist &Anti-Ageist practice. The Theoretical framework applicable to aging & its implications on policy & practice within social care work with elderly people. Hughes & Mtezuka (1992) describes ageism as â€Å"the social process through which negative images of & attitudes towards older people, based solely on the characteristics of old age itself, result in discrimination. The Author whilst researching this topic came across various forms of ageist practices solely for the purpose of this essay several have been selected to briefly discuss. Firstly stereotyping all elderly people with less favourable assumptions such as â€Å"All elderly people are Dependent on Society. † â€Å"Ageism has the effect of under mining a sense of dignity and the self-esteem which partly depends on it. Ageism marginalizes, excludes and demoralises. †(Thompson, 2006. In Contrast with an Anti-Ageist practice where an assessment is recommended and an intervention is then put in place based on this assessment rather than on assumptions. According to Thompson â€Å"A key task within a programme of developing anti-ageist practice must therefore be the promotion of dignity and the enhancement of self-esteem-counterbalance to the prevalence of negative stereotypes. † A very Common Drawback in Ageist practice with social care workers is the applying of Medical terminology such as â€Å"treatment† and â€Å"diagnosis†. Whereas a less ageist approach would be in the utilization of social care terminology such as â€Å"Interventions† and â€Å"Assessments†, which have less of an impact on the Elderly persons Self-esteem and Self-Image, where becoming elderly is viewed as another stage in life rather than associated with illnesses such as strokes, heart attacks and deafness. A very visible Ageist practice is one, which was developed by the welfare state. Higgs (1998) discusses the welfare States role in producing or at least, reinforcing what can be described as â€Å"structured dependency. This is very evident in the implementing of the compulsory retirement age of 65 in Ireland, which Gerontologists categorize as â€Å"young old. † Where citizens lose their independence of earning and now rely on social funding and savings. For many elderly people reaching this retirement age can have various implications to their self-esteem and self worth. Social policies like so can be very exclusive, as Elderly people don’t have a voice when they can retire. However an Anti-Ageist practice is promoting interdependency & avoidance of a dependency nature and a change in exclusive ageist policies. The retirement age in England is to be abolished in October 2011 according to Age UK who campaigned for anti age discrimination legislation for four years a step, which would be welcomed in Ireland to abolish ageism and ageist practices. As Phillipson (1989) puts it: â€Å"Fostering the idea of interdependency needs, then, to become part of a new radical philosophy for work with older people. It provides recognition of the help older people need from us, as well as the rewards to be gained from giving this help. It also reminds us of the skills possessed by older people and the resources these might provide for activities and campaigns within the community. † Another familiar form of Ageist practice is the use of de-personalising terms. Terms of which are used in a very innocent manner but can be patronising towards elderly people. Examples of such terms are â€Å"Old dears† or â€Å"How are the girls? † when addressing elderly women, suggesting they are childlike which the Author will discuss later on. To avoid this Ageist practice a more Anti-Ageist practice should be adapted with more awareness of the use of language used when addressing elderly people. Lastly as briefly pointed out previously is the adaptation of Infantilisation within the ageist practice. Here Social care workers see Elderly people as if they are children with the rise of elderly abuse social care workers now see a strong need for protection however the ageist risk that comes with this is that elderly peoples decision making capacity is now looked at and within an ageist practice there voice is not heard. Norman (1987) once said â€Å"we deny them, as we deny children, the right to take responsibility for heir sexuality, their behaviour and their risk taking. † The Author shall now explore various theories in aging and how they impact on policy and practice in social care work with older people. The first theory to explore is that of Erikson 1992 is the last stage in his lifespan development this stage is â€Å"Ego Integrity v Despair. † This is experienced according to Erikison is at the later stage of adulthood 60 and over when the older person â⠂¬Å"experiences an increasing awareness of their limits of time-a realization of inevitable, impending death. () Which in turn creates a final life crisis where she reflects back on her life at what she has achieved and what she had failed to. Failure to achieve Ego Integrity causes the individual to experience feelings of anxiety hopelessness and despair. However it is said, â€Å"Those who use their growing capacity for philosophical reflection to achieve a degree of self satification are less fearful of death†(Bee, 2006. ) Havighursts anti-ageist Activity theory 1940 then in contrast to Erikison theory is based around denying aging for as long as possible and keeping active in the later stages of adulthood. Within the context of this theory, activity can be viewed broadly as physical or intellectual. Therefore, even with illness or advancing age, the older person can remain â€Å"active† and achieve a sense of life satification†() Cumming and henrys Disengagem ent theory of the 1960s is an ageist theory, which is focused around scaling down the elderly persons life. The question here to be asked is who disengages from whom is it the society disengages from the elderly person? Does the elderly person consciously decide to disengage or is it factors out of their reach, which causes society to disengage. Returning to again the compulsory retirement age society disengages from people age 65 and older in the work place. â€Å"Continuity theory is a theory of continuous adult development and adaptation. Adult development and aging, including the evolution of various components of the self, occur in the context of particular social structures†() This theory greatly contradicts the other theory’s where the lderly person is to come to terms with what they had achieved and failed, the immense of death, to deny aging and lastly disengage and scale down there life. However this theory suggests elderly people are just continuing living there life’s whether they were highly involved in the community or where passive and satisfied with there own company. However ageist practices and attitudes prohibit such where the elderly person is seen as vulnera ble, childlike, ill and taught to take the disengagement theory or Erikisons model to scale down ones life. Therefore the Author Concludes this essay where she has pointed out the importance thatâ€Å"due regard is given to questions of good practice in working with older people-that is, to the development of anti-ageist practice† over ridding ageist theorists assumptions of elderly people in today’s society. The Author has clearly pointed out visible ageist practices but has contrasted these with the appropriated anti-ageist practices. In addition to this the Author has explored theories in aging and has given several examples on how these theories impact on policy and practice in social care work with older people.

Purposes and Practices of Liberal Art Colleges Essay

Purposes and Practices of Liberal Art Colleges - Essay Example The greatest philosopher, Socrates too believed that the most important knowledge that a person should learn is â€Å"how best to live†. Moreover, the goal of education should be to â€Å"know what you can; and even more importantly, to know what you do not know.† In other words, the more you gain knowledge, the more you can gain knowledge and this is what a liberal arts education aims to do. This method of education truly follows the philosophy of Socrates. Indeed in today’s modern world, a liberal arts education has become essential as it provides teachings in varied fields that groom individuals to face and handle the intricacy, diversity and transformations of life in the best possible ways. Developing effective academic and practical aptitudes such as communication, logical and crisis management skills, profound feelings of social responsibility, and a demonstrated proficiency to utilize knowledge and skills in realism and thereby, creating a well rounded pe rsonality has always been the main purpose of education in liberal arts colleges. In this paper, we shall discuss both the pros and cons of teachings in liberal art colleges simultaneously establishing the fact that â€Å"the purpose of a liberal arts college is to provide a student with knowledge, not only of his/her intended profession, but knowledge of many different professions to create a well rounded person.† ... As Socrates, the greatest teacher of all times, had preached that the primary aim of education should be to enhance the understanding of his students rather than merely defining theories since it develops the power of critical thinking in the students. Moreover, such an education leads the students towards knowledge and turns them into a well rounded person (Plato n.pag). By a well rounded person, we mean a person who is an expert not only in his field but varied fields, has the aptitude of thinking critically, solving problems analytically, making independent decisions, and comprehending new ideas. In addition, a person who has understood the art of living, has gained wisdom and developed into a good human being and this is what a liberal arts education aims to do. In The Republic, the Greek philosopher, Plato has emphasized that a well rounded education should include the study of mathematics, poetry, astronomy and poetry. Although our fields of study have broadened vastly since hi s days, his basic message is still the motivation behind the practice of liberal arts education. Plato always advocated his students to value logic and order, ideals, and beauty. Even though the subjects of science, literature, government, history and societies were added by the teachers in recent times, the main motto of liberal education still remained the same. It was intended to develop the power of critical analysis in an individual, so important for achieving wisdom and virtue (Plato &Biase n.pag). Furthermore, a liberal arts education aims to make students creative thinkers as well as problem solvers by providing them with a background in several fields states Harrer. Students in this type of colleges

Emotional Appeal in McCarthys On Immortality Article

Emotional Appeal in McCarthys On Immortality - Article Example The paper analyses ‘On Immortality’. McCarthy extensively uses figurative language as an emotional appeal to present immortality as an immature and unwise idea. The author uses the metaphorical comparison, terming it as a highway of immortality, to show the carefree life that immortality would be. With the wideness and the smoothness associated with a highway, the author suggests that immortality does not have checks. Indeed, McCarthy further uses figurative language in arguing that this kind of life does not have a weigh station of wisdom. It therefore portrays the lack of wisdom associated with immortality where humans lack the maturity to handle the challenges that come with it. This has been used to further solidify the author’s stand against immortality. This comes out vividly when McCarthy talks of the possibility of a rise of unstoppable mortal species that would eliminate the immortal beings due to natural selection. The author thus persuades the reader of longevity as being more favored by nature than immortality which is not well thought about. Similes in the essay have been used to discredit immortality as a form of lifestyle that would objectify human life. McCarthy (546) compares immortality to a car, where in order to keep it going, then, there would be the need to keep replacing its parts. This intends to make the reader appreciate that immortality would turn humans into objects. It would make their operations resemble that of objects such that in order to keep them going, then worn out parts of their bodies would be replaced with new ones, just as worn out parts of a car get replaced to enable them keep moving. This, therefore, means that immortality would make humans lose their humanness, an aspect which they treasure, and adopt a new objectified life. It is this loss that the author uses to portray the unattractiveness of immortality. The author’s use of irony enables her convince the reader of the advantage that com es with mortality. It is ironical that humans admire long life more than they seek for â€Å"long healthy life† while they â€Å"want to be 100 years old and dewy fresh† (McCarthy 547). Since aging is inevitable, McCarthy indicates that the immortal life would be a source of pain to humans, who only seek to live without considering the quality of life. Human longevity, on the other hand, considers the duration and quality of life, appreciating the need for human health. After execution of the required assignment, which McCarthy (547) notes is to bring forth the future, they then pave way for the fresher generation, thus creating room for the new generation, space being an important component of quality life. This way, the quality of li